第四十三课　虚拟语气（三）

一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里, 我们学习用 "如果" if, i-f, if 和过去完成时态作句子来表示跟过去 事实相反的条件和结果.比方,"当时我要是看见了你,我一定会跟你打招呼的." 这句话英文应该这样说: If I had seen you. I certainly would have said hello to you.

下面我们念一段对话, 多举几个例子给你听.这段对话的内容是说凯特跟同事 比尔谈起了他们小时候上历史课的事情. 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和 语调.

M: When did you decide to be a school teacher,Kate?

F: When I was in grade school, I had a teacher who I liked very much. I wanted to be like she was.

M: What made her so special?

F: She used to make things interesting and exciting to learn.

M: Like what?

F: If you had heard her history lessons, you would have thought that history was fascinating.

M: If you had been in our history class, you would have found history very boring. Our teacher just taught names and dates.

F: If I had been in your class, maybe I would have become something besides a teacher.

M: If I had been in your class, maybe I would have become a history teacher instead of a gym teacher.

现在我们把对话再念一遍给你听. 这次老师念得比较慢, 请你注意听.

M: When did you decide to be a school teacher,Kate?

F: When I was in grade school, I had a teacher who I liked very much. I wanted to be like she was.

M: What made her so special?

F: She used to make things interesting and exciting to learn.

M: Like what?

F: If you had heard her history lessons, you would have thought that history was fascinating.

M: If you had been in our history class, you would have found history very boring. Our teacher just taught names and dates.

F: If I had been in your class, maybe I would have become something besides a teacher.

M: If I had been in your class, maybe I would have become a history teacher instead of a gym teacher.

下面两位老师把对话里包含了今天要学的语法的句子挑出来,再念一遍给你听.

F: If you had heard her history lessons, you would have thought that history was fascinating.

M: If you had been in our history class, you would have found history very boring.

F: If I had been in your class, maybe I would have become something besides a teacher.

M: If I had been in your class, maybe I would have become a history teacher.

二.用 IF 引导跟过去事实相反的情况

听了上面那些句子, 我想你已经注意到怎么样用过去完成时态作句子来表达 跟过去事实相反的情况. 现在我们开始作练习, 多学学这种说法. 第一组练习 的作法是比尔用过去时态说明发生在过去的事情. 凯特就用过去完成时态作 假设性句子, 说明如果比尔过去那么作了, 他可能会有什么结果. 下面就是一 个例子:

M: I wasn't in your class. I didn't become a history teacher.

F: If you had been in my class,maybe you would have become a history teacher.

现在请你一边听句子的意思, 一边注意语法的变化.

M: I wasn't in your class. I didn't become a history teacher.

F: If you had been in my class, maybe you would have become a history teacher.

M: I wasn't in your class. I didn't think that history was fascinating.

F: If you had been in my class, maybe you would have thought that history was fascinating.

M: I wasn't in your class. I didn't think that history was exciting.

F: If you had been in my class, maybe you would have thought that history was exciting.

下面改由凯特念过去时态句子;比尔念的是假设性句子.还是请你注意听.

F: I wasn't in your class. I didn't become a gym teacher.

M: If you had been in my class, maybe you would have become a gym teacher.

F: I wasn't in your class. I didn't think that history was boring.

M: If you had been in my class, maybe you would have thought that history was boring.

F: I wasn't in your class. I didn't think that history was just names and dates.

M: If you had been in my class, maybe you would have thought that history was just names and dates.

在刚才那组练习里我们用 "也许" maybe 加上 would 再加上完成时态作了一 些假设性句子, 这种说法也可以改用 might 加上完成时态来表达. 比方:

Maybe he would have become a history teacher. 可以改为 He might have become a history teacher. 下面我们作一组练习把这两种说法作个比较.首先 请你注意听老师用第一种说法说一句话,然后请你跟学生一起改用代名词跟 第二种说法把那句话表达出来.下面就是一个例子:

M: If Bill had been in Kate's class, maybe he would have become a history teacher.

F: If he had been in her class, he might have become a history teacher.

现在我们开始作练习.

M: If Bill had been in Kate's class, maybe he would have become a history teacher.

F: If he had been in her class, he might have become a history teacher.

M: If Bill had been in Kate's class, maybe he would have thought that history was fascinating.

F: If he had been in her class, he might have thought that history was fascinating.

M: If Bill had been in Kate's class, maybe he would have thought that history was exciting.

F: If he had been in her class, he might have thought that history was exciting.

M: If Kate had been in Bill's class, maybe she would have become a gym teacher.

F: If she had been in his class, she might have become a gym teacher.

M: If Kate had been in Bill's class, maybe she would have thought that history was boring.

F: If she had been in his class, she might have thought that history was boring.

M: If Kate had been in B