第四十四课　虚拟语气（四）

一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里, 我们要复习怎么作假设性句子来说明跟现在或是过去的事实相 反的条件和结果, 比方: "如果他在这儿, 他会跟我们一块去." If he were here, he would go with us. "如果他昨天在这儿, 当时他会跟我们去. "If he had been here yesterday, he would have gone with us. 等等, 同时我们也要复习 hope, h-o-p-e, hope跟 wish, w-i-s-h, wish 在意思跟用法上的分别.

首先我们先来听今天这一课的对话, 内容是说鲍勃跟珍妮谈起了选举跟助选 的事情. 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调.

M: Did you vote in the last election?

F: No. I wish I had voted, but I wasn't old enough. Did you?

M: Yes, I did. But I wish I had worked in the campaign. I would certainly have if I hadn't gone to China.

F: Did you have a chance to work on a campaign?

M: Yes, I was offered a job as a campaign lead man.

F: What would you have done if you had accepted the job?

M: I would have gone to states where there were primary elections. I would have set up rallies and organized people.

F: You could have traveled all over the country.

M: Yes, I could have. But instead I traveled all over China.

现在我们再把整段对话听一遍. 这次老师念得比较慢, 请你注意听.

M: Did you vote in the last election?

F: No. I wish I had voted, but I wasn't old enough. Did you?

M: Yes, I did. But I wish I had worked in the campaign. I would certainly have if I hadn't gone to China.

F: Did you have a chance to work on a campaign?

M: Yes, I was offered a job as a campaign lead man.

F: What would you have done if you had accepted the job?

M: I would have gone to states where there were primary elections. I would have set up rallies and organized people.

F: You could have traveled all over the country.

M: Yes, I could have. But instead I traveled all over China.

下面我把对话里包含了今天要复习的语法的句子挑出来, 请老师再念一遍给 你听.

F: I wish I had voted.

M: I wish I had worked in the campaign.

F: What would you have done if you had accepted the job?

M: I would have gone to states where there were primary elections. I would have set up rallies.

F: You could have traveled all over the country.

二.复习 IF 引导的跟事实相反的情况

现在我们开始作练习, 一方面复习语法, 一方面复习词汇. 第一组练习的作法 是由老师根据对话内容提出跟过去事实相反的问句, 比方: What would Bob have done if he hadn't gone to China? 接着老师说: work in the campaign. 学生 就用老师提出的词组来回答问题, 所以答案就是: He would have worked in the campaign if he hadn't gone to China. 请你在学生作练习的时候也一起作. 现在 我们开始.

M: What would Bob have done if he hadn't gone to China?

M: work in the campaign.

F: He would have worked in the campaign if he hadn't gone to China.

M: What would he have done if he had worked in the campaign?

M: travel all over the country

F: He would have traveled all over the country if he had worked in the campaign.

M: What would he have done if he had traveled all over the country?

M: go to primary elections

F: He would have gone to primary elections if he had traveled all over the country.

M: What would he have done if he had gone to primary elections?

M: set up rallies

F: He would have set up rallies if he had gone to primary elections.

M: What would he have done if he had set up rallies?

M: organize people

F: He would have organized people if he had set up rallies.

M: What would he have done if he had organized people?

M: help his friend win the election

F: He would have helped his friend win the election if he had organized people.

三.复习 WISH

以前我们学过 wish, w-i-s-h, wish 可以用来表达没有实现的愿望, 比方你的朋 友不能够跟你去看电影, 你觉得很遗憾, 你就说: "我真希望你能跟我一起去." I wish you could go with me. 如果这件事发生在昨天或是更早以前, 你就必须 这么说: I wish you could have gone with me. 现在我们作一组练习, 学学第二 种说法, 看看怎么表达跟过去事实相反的愿望. 练习的内容都跟鲍勃没有参 加助选团而感到遗憾有关系. 练习的作法是由老师用过去时态说明鲍勃没有 作的事情, 比方: "他没有去参加政治会议." He didn't go to the political conventions. 请你把句子改成: He wishs he had gone to the political conventions. 每作完一句老师就会把正确答案念给你听. 现在我们开始.

M: He didn't vote.

F: He wishes he had voted.

M: He didn't take part in the primary elections.

F: He wishes he had taken part in the primary elections.

M: He didn't hear the candidates' campaign speeches.

F: He wishes he had heard the candidates' campaign speeches.

M: He didn't participate in the campaign.

F: He wishes he had participated in the campaign.

M: He didn't go to the political conventions.

F: He wishes he had gone to the political conventions.

M: He didn't set up political rallies.

F: He wishes he had set up political rallies.

M: He didn't help his friend win the election.

F: He wishes he had helped his friend win the election.

四.复习HOPE

现在我们复习hope, h-o-p-e, hope的用法.这个字可以用来表达未来可能实现的 愿望. 下面一组练习的内容都跟鲍勃希望将来能够作的事情有关系. 练习的作 法是先由男老师提出过去时态疑问句, 比方: Did he vote?女老师就回答说: No, he didn't. He hopes to do it next time. 在女老师回答之后请你再跟她一起把答 案重复一遍. 现在我们开始.

M: Did he vote?

F: No, he didn't. He hopes to do it next time.

M: Did he work in the cam