第四十五课　简化修饰名词的从句

一.本课要点及示例

在这一课里, 我们学习怎么样简化用来修饰名词的从句, 比方 "唱歌的人" the man who is singing 可以简化为 the man singing; "他唱的歌" the song which was sung by him 可以简化为 the song sung by him. 另外我们还要学习一些跟 音乐有关系的词汇.

现在我们先来听今天这一课的对话, 内容是说亨利跟小女儿琳达谈起了听流 行歌曲的事情. 请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调.

M: Linda, turn down the record player. I'm trying to read.

F: That's my new record, Dad. Don't you like it?

M: The man singing, is he the one who won all the music awards?

F: Yes, he is also the one singing in the movie we saw last night on T.V.

M: Well, I'm not too fond of his songs. He doesn't sing about meaningful things.

F: He does! You just don't listen to his songs.

M: You play them so loudly. Anyone not listening must be deaf.

F: Okey, Dad. I'll turn down the record player.

现在我们再把整段对话听一遍. 请你特别注意听.

M: Linda, turn down the record player. I'm trying to read.

F: That's my new record, Dad. Don't you like it?

M: The man singing, is he the one who won all the music awards?

F: Yes, he is also the one singing in the movie we saw last night on T.V.

M: Well, I'm not too fond of his songs. He doesn't sing about meaningful things.

F: He does! You just don't listen to them.

M: You play them so loudly. Anyone not listening must be deaf.

F: Okey, Dad. I'll turn down the record player.

现在我们把对话里包含了我们今天要学的语法的词组挑出来,再念一遍给你听.

M: the man singing

F: the one singing in the movie

M: anyone not listening 二.简化用来修饰名词的从句

听到这儿,我想你对怎么简化从句已经有点儿概念. 现在我请英文老师再念一 些句子进一步作比较.首先男老师念两个句子,比方:The man asks Linda to turn down the record player. He is Henry. 女老师就把两个句子合并成一句:The man who asks Linda to turn down the record player is Henry. 然后女老师再用动词 加上 i-n-g 把从句加以简化,所以整个句子就变成: The man asking Linda to turn down the record player is Henry. 老师念句子的时候请你注意听.

M: The girl is listening to the record. She is Linda.

F: The girl who is listening to the record is Linda.

F: The girl listening to the record is Linda.

M: The man is talking to Linda. He is her father.

F: The man who is talking to Linda is her father.

F: The man talking to Linda is her father.

M: The man asks Linda to turn down the record player. He is Henry.

F: The man who asks Linda to turn down the record player is Henry.

F: The man asking Linda to turn down the record player is Henry.

M: The man is singing. He won many awards.

F: The man who is singing won many awards.

F: The man singing won many awards.

下面我再请老师念一些句子给你听, 看看怎么简化被动语态从句. 首先男老师 念两个句子,比方: Linda is listening to the record. It was bought recently. 接着 女老师就把两句话合并为一句:Linda is listening to the record which was bought recently. 最后女老师再用动词过去分词把从句简化. 所以句子就变成: Linda is listening to the record bought recently. 老师念句子的时候请你注意听.

M: Linda is playing a record. It was recorded by her favorite singer.

F: Linda is playing a record which was recorded by her favorite singer.

F: Linda is playing a record recorded by her favorite singer.

M: Linda is listening to the record. It was bought recently.

F: Linda is listening to the record which was bought recently.

F: Linda is listening to the record bought recently.

M: Linda likes to listen to songs. They are sung by her favorite singer.

F: Linda likes to listen to songs which were sung by her favorite singer.

F: Linda likes to listen to songs sung by her favorite singer.

M: The song won many awards. It was sung by Linda's favorite singer.

F: The song which was sung by Linda's favorite singer won many awards.

F: The song sung by Linda's favorite singer won many awards.

下面我们作一组练习, 一方面把从句简化, 一方面学习新词汇. 练习的作法是 由老师念一个有从句的词组, 比方 "描述日常生活的歌曲" song which depict day to day situations. 学生就用动词加上 i-n-g 把词组简化为: songs depicting day to day situations. 这组练习里有许多有用的词汇,比方 "表达" express, "形 容" describe, "反映" reflect, "以...为特点" feature,"主题" theme, "旋律" melody, "步调" pace, "节拍" rhythmic beat 等等, 请你在作练习的时候特别注意听.学生 作练习的时候请你也一起作.

M: songs which depict day to day situations

F: songs depicting day to day situations

M: songs which express human emotions

F: songs expressing human emotions

M: songs which reflect the lives of American blacks

F: songs reflecting the lives of American blacks

M: songs which feature simple themes

F: songs featuring simple themes

M: songs which feature simple melodies

F: songs featuring simple melodies

M: songs which feature fast pace

F: songs featuring fast pace

M: songs which feature rhythmic beats

F: songs featuring rhythmic beats 下面我们作一组代换练习, 用我们刚才练习过的词组作句子说明哪些歌曲老 少皆宜. 练习的作法是由老师先念一个句子, 接着老师念一个词组, 学生就把 词组代换到原来的句子里. 请你跟学生一起作练习, 一方面复习语法, 一方面 复习我们刚才学的新词汇. 现在开始.

M: Songs depicting day to day situations are enjoyed by people of all ages.

M: expressing human emotions

F: Songs e